The four rules
Treat every firearm as if it is loaded.
Never point a firearm at anything you are not willing to destroy.
Keep your finger off the trigger until your sights are on target and you have decided to fire.
Be sure of your target and what is beyond it.
Things new users need to be taught
Safe direction
Know where the muzzle is pointed before, during, and after every action.
Loading status
Learn how to verify unloaded or loaded status for each specific firearm under qualified instruction.
Range commands
Know cease fire, hot range, cold range, benching, casing, and when to ask for help.
Storage routines
Use consistent access control, especially around children, guests, roommates, and visitors.
Maintenance basics
Use manufacturer manuals and qualified help before cleaning, disassembly, or inspection.
Emergency boundaries
For immediate threats or emergencies, contact local emergency services.